Central Statistical Bureau (CSB) data indicate a narrowing of the unadjusted gender pay gap over the past four years, with the latest provisional estimate showing a decline to 13.9 % in 2024.
Compared to 2023, the gap has reduced by 2.5 percentage points.
The gap in earnings of males and females is affected by various social and economic factors – the number of men and women in a specific economic activity, their occupation and work duties, educational attainment, age, service increment, number of hours worked, as well as labour supply and demand trends and structural changes in the labour market. The indicator is calculated without excluding the effect of these factors, which might explain the reasons for the gap.
In 2024, the smallest unadjusted gender pay gap was recorded in public administration (3.0 %), followed by real estate activities (4.0 %), administrative and support service activities (5.3 %), as well as transportation and storage (5.6 %). However, the largest gap was recorded in arts, entertainment, and recreation (33.1 %), followed by human health and social work activities (30.7 %), financial and insurance activities (29.5 %), as well as information and communication (24.8 %).
In terms of sectoral breakdown, unadjusted gender pay gap in private sector was 5.5 percentage points larger than in public (16.1 % and 10.6 %, respectively). Women in full-time jobs earned 19.9 % less than men, while among those in part-time jobs the gap was about half as large – 11.2 %.
As regards the age, the smallest gender gap in hourly earnings – 9.1 % – was recorded in the age group under 25, while the largest in the age group 35–44, where women on average earned 16.8 % less per hour than men.
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